![]() Overall, England has experienced a larger fall in life expectancy than most comparator countries between pre-pandemic 20. Among comparator high-income countries (other than the US), only Spain and Italy had higher rates of excess mortality in the pandemic to mid-2021 than the UK.Covid-19 has exacerbated health inequalities: life expectancy in 2020 fell by 1.8 and 1.5 years in males and females in the most deprived tenth of areas compared with 0.8 and 0.9 years respectively in the least deprived.Compared with 2019, life expectancy in 2020 fell by 1.3 years for males (from 80 years to 78.7) and 1 year for females (from 83.6 to 82.6) and remained virtually unchanged in 2021. Covid-19 has caused the biggest fall in life expectancy in England since World War II.Vaccination rates are lower among some groups with the highest Covid-19 mortality (adults living in deprived areas, and Black Caribbean, Black African, Pakistani and Bangladeshi adults). The Covid-19 mortality rate is higher among unvaccinated people than those who have been vaccinated.mortality rates are higher among people with a self-reported disability or a learning disability.obesity is associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes, including death, from Covid-19.people from some ethnic minority groups have a significantly higher risk of being infected by Covid-19 and dying from it Covid-19 mortality during the pandemic has been highest in the Bangladeshi, Pakistani and Black Caribbean groups.mortality is 2.6 times higher in the most deprived than the least deprived tenth of areas.mortality rates are significantly higher among people with pre-existing conditions such as dementia and Alzheimer’s disease, heart disease, high blood pressure and diabetes.mortality rates rise sharply with age and are higher among men than women.People in some population groups have a higher risk of dying from Covid-19 than others:.The first wave saw a surge in people dying in care homes, where there were almost 27,000 excess deaths compared with the 2015–19 average, almost half (45 per cent) of all excess deaths in England and Wales. ![]() Fewer non-Covid-19 deaths occurred in hospital, suggesting many people who died at home would in non-pandemic years have died in hospital. During the pandemic, significantly larger (by one-third) numbers of people died at home compared with preceding years only 3 per cent of these deaths at home were due to Covid-19. ![]() Covid-19 changed the health profile of England’s population radically by becoming the leading cause of death in 20.The number of people dying from Covid-19 exceeded the number of people dying from the most common killers in preceding years (eg, dementia and Alzheimer's disease, heart disease, stroke and lung cancer).However, from January to June 2022, the all-cause mortality fell and was lower than in any year since 2001, very likely because of people who died prematurely in 20 as a result of the pandemic. This caused the mortality rate from all causes in 20 to increase to levels of about a decade ago. The pandemic has resulted in about 139,000 excess deaths 1. ![]() Since then, the number of people dying from Covid-19 has been more moderate. The first and second waves between mid-March 2020 and March 2021 caused the most deaths.
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